Sumerianz Journal of Medical and Healthcare
Online ISSN: 2663-421X
Print ISSN: 2706-8404
Quarterly Published (4 Issues Per Year)
Journal Website: https://www.sumerianz.com/?ic=journal-home&journal=31Archive
Volume 2 Issue 12 (2019)
Statistical Modeling of the Effect of Meteorological Variables on Dengue Transmission
Authors : Daniel Gomes Soares ; Amaury de Souza ; Cristhian Heck ; Ana Paula Garcia Oliveira
Abstract:This study investigates the effects of climate variables and previous cases of dengue on current cases of dengue. The meteorological variables, average, maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity, total precipitation, and previous cases are identified with a time interval as input parameters for artificial neural network (ANN) RNA. Specific parameters and time intervals are defined by a correlation analysis between each variable with the current dengue cases. In short, the ANN is developed as a result of this research in order to predict dengue outbreaks in the municipality of Campo Grande, with a promisng accuracy rate.
Pages: 185-195
Comparison of Side Effects of Vaping Versus Smoking
Authors : Dr. Clairmont Griffith ; Professor Bernice La France
Abstract:E-cigarettes or vaping is a recent development that seeks to reduce tobacco harm. Awareness and the use of e-cigarettes have significantly increased in recent years, and many smokers are gradually shifting from tobacco cigarettes to vaping as a way to cut down harmful habits. However, there is a growing need to understand the efficiency of vaping and if it is the best option for reducing smoking. This systematic review sought to compare the side effects of vaping to smoking to establish potential risks with the recent development. The study utilized publicly available research studies from various platforms in researching vaping and smoking. The method used focused on scholarly articles published in the last five years and with at least a focus on the populations in the United States and Canada. Twelve research articles were used to ascertain the comparison between the side effects of vaping and smoking on the users. The findings of the research showed that vaping is currently safer compared to smoking, and this is because of the low levels of nicotine in the e-cigarettes. However, the side effects of vaping on lungs and cardiovascular systems are similar but dependent on the rates and period of usage. The results of this review offer preliminary evidence that vaping is relatively as harmful as smoking.
Pages: 182-184
Renal Diseases Risk Factors Among Diabetic Patients with and without Hypertension in Messelata Region Libya
Authors : Azab Elsayed Azab ; Mohamed Omar Albasha ; Abdelsalam M. Mansour
Abstract:Background: Diabetes and its complications are a major growing health problem in developing countries like Libya. High blood pressure is a complication of diabetes and both diseases are independent risk factors that lead to cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Objectives: This study aims to assess the risk factors for kidney disease in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients with and without hypertension in the Messelata region. Materials and Methods: This study included 240 diabetics with and without high blood pressure and 120 healthy subjects of both sexes (60 males and 60 females in all groups), attending the Messelata Central Hospital. The participants’ blood pressure was measured in all groups, and age, gender were recorded for all study subjects. 5 ml of venous blood was drawn to measure the levels of glucose (FBS), hemoglobin (HbA1c), urea, creatinine, uric acid, Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca++, and Phosphorus. Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated for all subjects. Results: The statistical analysis of the results showed that 71.7% females, 75% males with diabetes, and 78.3% females, 85% males with diabetes and hypertension were in age >50 years. HbA1c was> 9% in 43.3%, 33.3% of male diabetics only and diabetes and hypertension, in 36.7% of diabetic females, and diabetic with hypertension. Serum urea and creatinine levels were abnormal in 15%, 45%, 5%, and 5% & 21.7 %, 45%, 3.3%, and 5% of males diabetic, males diabetic + hypertension, females diabetic, and females diabetic + hypertension, respectively. Serum K+ levels were abnormal in 3.3%, 15%, and 10% of males diabetic, males diabetic + hypertension, and females diabetic + hypertension, respectively. Serum Na+ levels were abnormal in 21.7%, 10%, 11.7%, and 13% of males diabetic, males diabetic + hypertension, females diabetic, and females diabetic + hypertension . Also, the abnormal values of eGFR were (<60 ml/min/1.73m2) in 3.3%, 90%, 93.3%, and 3.3% of males diabetic, males diabetic + hypertension, females diabetic, and females diabetic + hypertension, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the results showed a significant changes in most of the parameters in diabetic patients with and without hypertension compared to healthy subjects. Most of these changes were more pronounced in diabetics with hypertnsion patients than diabetics patients only.
Pages: 162-181
Effect of Diabetes Education on Type 2 Diabetic Patients' Disease Knowledge at Suez Canal University Hospitals
Authors : Fatma Ibrahim Abdel-Latif Megahed ; Prof. Salwa Abbas Ali Hassan ; Prof. Hassan Ali Abdelwahid ; Dr. Hanaa Kassem Farg
Abstract:Background: With the alarming soaring statistics of diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetic patients in a real need to control associated morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of diabetes education on type 2 diabetic patients’ disease knowledge at Suez Canal University Hospitals. Subjects and Methods: Aquasi-experimental design made up of a control group and a study group with pre- and post-test judgment was applied. The study included 92 type 2 diabetic patients. The socio-economic scale and the diabetes knowledge questionnaire were used for data collection in the two groups. Then the educational program was used in the intervention group. The diabetes knowledge questionnaire was administered in two groups at baseline and after sessions completion. Results: revealed that differences regarding socio-demographic characteristics were statistically insignificant, except for age and educational level for the studied sample groups. Also indicated rare statistical significant difference regarding family history of diabetes and diabetes related complications for the studied sample groups. There were negative statistical significance associations in the following cases for the study group; age, occupational status, whereas for the control group, they were positive statistical significance associations in the following cases; educational level & socio-economic level. there was only positive statistical significance association between the total score of knowledge and treatment regimen of the control-group. Conclusion: Those patients who received educational program achieved better total score of knowledge & knowledge related practice about DM, compared with the control group, therefore it is proposed to conduct specialized educational program workshops about importance of diet & exercises, blood glucose monitoring, adherence to medications and diabetic foot care to decrease the incidence of complications.
Pages: 153-161
Effects of Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants on Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors : Ukpabi C. F. ; Ogar L. O. ; Ngulube O. ; Chijioke O. P. ; Anyanwu C. I. ; Ebirim P. C. ; Amanoh S. N.
Abstract:This present work was designed to study the antidiabetic effect of four medicinal plants and their ability to reverse indicated dyslipidemia. The complications were accessed via atherogenic index (AI), coronary risk index (CRI) and cardiovascular risk index (CVRI). Sixty adult male albino rats weighing 125-136g were selected and divided randomly into 12 groups of 5 animals each for 18days, as follows (1) normal control group (2) negative control group (3) positive control (1) insulin, (4) positive control (Atorvastatin) (5) test group, cucurbita pepoli linn –LD (6) test group cucurbita pepoli linn –HD (7) solanum aethiopicum-LD (6) test group, solanum aethiopicum-HD (9) test group; spondias mombiin linn-LD (10) test group; spondias mombin linn -HD (II) test groups; Garcinia kola –LD (12) test groups; Garcinia kola-HD. Serum cooncentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides (TGs) and glucose were measured at the end of period in all studied groups. Administration of 200 and 400mg/kg aqueous extracts of the four medicinal plants resulted in a significantly decreased glucose, TC, TGs, LDL levels and increased HDL levels, as compared with the control group and diabetic control group. These results suggests that the aqueous extracts of the four medicinal plants exert significant effects on blood lipids and glucose level in diabetic rats and are useful in the tretament of diabetes. Increased AI, CRI, and CVRI were noted in the intoxicated rats and were reduced on treatment. The medicinal plants exerted antidiabetic effect and also reversed dyslipidemia associated with diabetes and prevented cardiovascular complications that are prevalent in diabetic patients.
Pages: 146-152
Analysis of the Physico-Chemical Quality of Cocoa Beans (Theobroma Cacao) From a Daloa Cooperative (Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors : Beugré Grah Avit Maxwell ; Niaba Koffi Pierre Valery ; Blei sika Hortence ; Combo Agnan Marie-Michel ; Pkata Nazo Edith ; Yao N’zué Binjamin ; Gnakri Dago
Abstract:Côte d’Ivoire is the world’s leading producer of cocoa beans. The aim of this study was to analyse the physico-chemical quality of cocoa beans received in a Daloa cooperative. These beans come from 10 sections (village). Several parameters were evaluated: pH, total acidity, volatile acidity, humidity, grazing, broken beans, mouldy beans and defective beans. Results showed that pH (0.32 ± 0.01 - 5.75 ±0.07), total acidity (0.32 ± 0.01 - 0.45 ± 0.03), moisture (8.45 ± 0.36), grazing (85.33 ± 5.03 - 93.33 ±5.77), broken beans (0.3 ± 0.09 -1.04 ± 0.05) and mouldy beans (0.00 ± 0.00 – 3.33 ± 1.15) vary from section to section. In addition, physico-chemical analyses of the bean samples from the 10 sections showed significant differences (p<0.05). In addition, the variance analysis showed that the differences were significant (p<0.05) regardless of the parameter considered. It is clear from the analyses that the planters of the Balea and Bowaly sections have beans that have a physico-chemical quality inferior to that of the Bandiahi, Bonoufla, Kamblesso, Sikaboutou, Luenoufla, Mossikro, Blaisikro and Ourouta on the basis of rank. But the Bandiahi, Sikaboutou, Bonoufla and Mossikro sections have the best beans. Overall, the various sections meet the standards with more than 70% of the parameters assessed.
Pages: 139-145